| 28) Warensjö E (2010) | The Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS).
(Including 3 cohorts: the VIP, the MONICA, and the MSP) | 73,000 subjects from 3 subcohorts, and whithout previous MI, stroke or malignant disease.
(Nested case-control) | (1987-1999) | See variables | First MI | Cream |
Men:
(237 cases) | Women:
(55 cases) |
| Cases consumed nonsignificantly less cream (1.4 g/d) than controls (2.5 g/d).
|
Cases consumed the same amount (2.0 g/d) as controls (2.0 g/d).
|
Case-control match by sex, age, date of health-survey, and geographic region. |
| 26) Holmberg S (2009) | No cohort name defined | 1,752 farmers and non-farming rural men without a history of CHD.
(Sweden) | 12
(1990-91 to 2002-03) | 133 | Coronary heart disease risk (hospitalized or deceased due to CHD) | Cream (whipping cream, including in sauces) | OR = 1.55 (1.08-2.20) for consumption seldom or never vs daily or sometimes a week. | Unadjusted. |
| 25) van der Pols JC (2009) | The Boyd Orr Cohort | 4,374 children (2,159 boys and 2,215 girls) aged 4-11 from England and Scotland. | 65
(1937-39 to 1948-2005) | 378? | Coronary heart disease mortality | Cream | No clear pattern of an association was found (results not shown). | Age, sex, survey district, intake of fruit, vegetable, egg and egg dishes, protein, fat, and energy intake, household food expenditure in childhood, and Townsend deprivation score in adulthood. |
Prospective studies of cream and stroke:
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments |
| 25) van der Pols JC (2009) | The Boyd Orr Cohort | 4,374 children (2,159 boys and 2,215 girls) aged 4-11 from England and Scotland. | 65
(1937-39 to 1948-2005) | 121? | Stroke mortality | Cream | No clear pattern of an association was found (results not shown). | Age, sex, survey district, intake of fruit, vegetable, egg and egg dishes, protein, fat, and energy intake, household food expenditure in childhood, and Townsend deprivation score in adulthood. |
| 23) Larsson SC (2009) | The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study | 26,556 male smokers (≥ 5 cigarettes/day) aged 50-69 without stroke.
(Finland) | 13.6
(1985-88 to 2004) | See variables | Stroke risk | Cream |
Stratified by stroke subtype:
Cerebral infarction
(2,702 cases) | Intracerebral hemorrhage
(383 cases) | Subarachnoid hemorrhage
(196 cases) |
RR = 0.81 (0.72-0.92; P = 0.02) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g/d):
2: RR = 1.
5: RR = 0.94 (0.84-1.06).
7: RR = 0.84 (0.74-0.95).
12: RR = 0.81 (0.71-0.92).
51: RR = 0.82 (0.72-0.92).
|
RR = 0.72 (0.52-1.00; P = 0.26) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g/d):
2: RR = 1.
5: RR = 0.74 (0.54-1.01).
7: RR = 0.79 (0.58-1.10).
12: RR = 0.77 (0.54-1.08).
51: RR = 0.72 (0.52-1.00).
|
RR = 1.27 (0.78-2.08; P = 0.58) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g/d):
2: RR = 1.
5: RR = 1.27 (0.79-2.05).
7: RR = 1.23 (0.75-2.02).
12: RR = 1.13 (0.67-1.91).
51: RR = 1.27 (0.78-2.08).
|
Age, supplementation group, education, cigarettes smoked daily, BMI, serum total cholesterol, serum HDL cholesterol, histories of diabetes and heart disease, leisure-time physical activity, and intakes of total energy, alcohol, caffeine, sugar, red meat, poultry, fish, fruit, fruit juices, vegetables, potatoes, whole grains, and refined grains. |
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