Dried fruits and cardiovascular disease.

Total cardiovascular disease: Data about the relation with total cardiovascular disease was provided by 1 cohort (9). No association was found with CVD death.

Coronary heart disease: Data about the relation with coronary heart disease was provided by 1 cohort (4). A significant protective association against MI risk was found, but no data is available about the strength or significance of the relation.

Conclusion: A significant protective association against MI risk was found in one cohort, but results are to limited to be judged as evidence. No evidence was found for an association between dried fruits and CVD.

**Dried fruits:**
Author	Cohort name	Subjects	Years of follow-up	Cases	End point	Consumption of	Relative Risk (RR)	Adjustments
9) Gaziano JM (1995)	The Massachusetts Health Care Panel Study.	1,273 subjects aged ≥ 66.	4.75 (1976-1980)	161?	Cardiovascular death	Dried fruits (such as apricots, prunes, and raisins)	RR = 1.13 (0.57-2.22) for consumption ≥ 1 vs < 1 serving/day.	Age and sex.
4) Fraser GE (1988)	The Adventist Health Study.	28,038 nondiabetics who reported no previous history of MI.	1977-1982	200?	definite MI risk	Dried fruits (not defined)	A significant protective relation (no data shown).	Age and sex.

Dried fruits:

Author

Cohort name

Subjects

Years of follow-up

Cases

End point

Consumption of

Relative Risk (RR)

Adjustments

9) Gaziano JM (1995)

The Massachusetts Health Care Panel Study.

1,273 subjects aged ≥ 66.

4.75 (1976-1980)

161?

Cardiovascular death

Dried fruits (such as apricots, prunes, and raisins)

RR = 1.13 (0.57-2.22) for consumption ≥ 1 vs < 1 serving/day.

Age and sex.

4) Fraser GE (1988)

The Adventist Health Study.

28,038 nondiabetics who reported no previous history of MI.

1977-1982

200?

definite MI risk

Dried fruits (not defined)

A significant protective relation (no data shown).

Age and sex.

**Nuts & dried fruit:**
Author	Cohort name	Subjects	Years of follow-up	Cases	End point	Consumption of	Relative Risk (RR)	Adjustments
12) Appleby PN. (2002)	The Health Food Shoppers Study.	10,741 subjects, aged 16-89 (4,325 men, 6,416 women. 8,675 non-smokers). (UK)	1973-79 to 1997	1,202 (591 men, and 611 women. 981 non-smokers)?	Mortality from circulatory diseases	Nuts/dried fruit (not defined)	RR = 0.94 (0.83-1.07; No P-value) for daily consumption vs less frequent consumption.	Age at recruitment, sex, smoking, and each other food (fresh fruit, wholemeal bread, nuts/dried fruit, raw vegetable salads, and bran cereals).
12) Appleby PN. (2002)	The Health Food Shoppers Study.	10,741 subjects, aged 16-89 (4,325 men, 6,416 women. 8,675 non-smokers). (UK)	1973-79 to 1997	356 (142 men, and 214 women. 303 non-smokers)?	Cerebrovascular disease mortality	Nuts/dried fruit (not defined)	RR = 0.92 (0.73-1.17; No P-value) for daily consumption vs less frequent consumption.	Age at recruitment, sex, smoking, and each other food (fresh fruit, wholemeal bread, nuts/dried fruit, raw vegetable salads, and bran cereals).
12) Appleby PN. (2002)	The Health Food Shoppers Study.	10,741 subjects, aged 16-89 (4,325 men, 6,416 women. 8,675 non-smokers). (UK)	1973-79 to 1997	605 (347 men, and 258 women. 484 non-smokers)?	Ischaemic heart disease mortality	Nuts/dried fruit (not defined)	RR = 0.95 (0.79-1.14; No P-value) for daily consumption vs less frequent consumption.	Age at recruitment, sex, smoking, and each other food (fresh fruit, wholemeal bread, nuts/dried fruit, raw vegetable salads, and bran cereals).
12) Key TJ. (1996)	The Health Food Shoppers Study.	10.771 (4.336 men and 6.435 women) aged > or = 16, recruited through health food shops, vegeterian societies, and magazines. (UK)	16.8 (1973-79 to 1995)	147? (68 men, 79 women)	Cerebrovascular disease mortality	nuts or dried fruit (not defined)	RR = 0.80 (0.57-1.12; No P-value) for consumption at least daily vs < daily.	age, sex, and smoking
12) Key TJ. (1996)	The Health Food Shoppers Study.	10.771 (4.336 men and 6.435 women) aged > or = 16, recruited through health food shops, vegeterian societies, and magazines. (UK)	16.8 (1973-79 to 1995)	350? (224 men, 126 women)	Ischaemic heart disease mortality	nuts or dried fruit (not defined)	RR = 0.89 (0.72-1.11; No P-value) for consumption at least daily vs < daily.	age, sex, and smoking

Nuts & dried fruit:

Author

Cohort name

Subjects

Years of follow-up

Cases

End point

Consumption of

Relative Risk (RR)

Adjustments

12) Appleby PN. (2002)

The Health Food Shoppers Study.

10,741 subjects, aged 16-89 (4,325 men, 6,416 women. 8,675 non-smokers).
(UK)

1973-79 to 1997

1,202 (591 men, and 611 women. 981 non-smokers)?

Mortality from circulatory diseases

Nuts/dried fruit (not defined)

RR = 0.94 (0.83-1.07; No P-value) for daily consumption vs less frequent consumption.

Age at recruitment, sex, smoking, and each other food (fresh fruit, wholemeal bread, nuts/dried fruit, raw vegetable salads, and bran cereals).

12) Appleby PN. (2002)

The Health Food Shoppers Study.

10,741 subjects, aged 16-89 (4,325 men, 6,416 women. 8,675 non-smokers).
(UK)

1973-79 to 1997

356 (142 men, and 214 women. 303 non-smokers)?

Cerebrovascular disease mortality

Nuts/dried fruit (not defined)

RR = 0.92 (0.73-1.17; No P-value) for daily consumption vs less frequent consumption.

Age at recruitment, sex, smoking, and each other food (fresh fruit, wholemeal bread, nuts/dried fruit, raw vegetable salads, and bran cereals).

12) Appleby PN. (2002)

The Health Food Shoppers Study.

10,741 subjects, aged 16-89 (4,325 men, 6,416 women. 8,675 non-smokers).
(UK)

1973-79 to 1997

605 (347 men, and 258 women. 484 non-smokers)?

Ischaemic heart disease mortality

Nuts/dried fruit (not defined)

RR = 0.95 (0.79-1.14; No P-value) for daily consumption vs less frequent consumption.

Age at recruitment, sex, smoking, and each other food (fresh fruit, wholemeal bread, nuts/dried fruit, raw vegetable salads, and bran cereals).

12) Key TJ. (1996)

The Health Food Shoppers Study.

10.771 (4.336 men and 6.435 women) aged > or = 16, recruited through health food shops, vegeterian societies, and magazines.
(UK)

16.8
(1973-79 to 1995)

147? (68 men, 79 women)

Cerebrovascular disease mortality

nuts or dried fruit (not defined)

RR = 0.80 (0.57-1.12; No P-value) for consumption at least daily vs < daily.

age, sex, and smoking

12) Key TJ. (1996)

The Health Food Shoppers Study.

10.771 (4.336 men and 6.435 women) aged > or = 16, recruited through health food shops, vegeterian societies, and magazines.
(UK)

16.8
(1973-79 to 1995)

350? (224 men, 126 women)

Ischaemic heart disease mortality

nuts or dried fruit (not defined)

RR = 0.89 (0.72-1.11; No P-value) for consumption at least daily vs < daily.

age, sex, and smoking

Cardiovascular disease & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our
diet to heart disease and stroke.

Dried fruits and cardiovascular disease.

Cardiovascular disease & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of ourdiet to heart disease and stroke.

Dried fruits and cardiovascular disease.

Relating various aspects of our
diet to heart disease and stroke.