Consumption of dietary linoleic acid and cardiovascular disease.
Linoleic acid and total cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Results: Data was provided by 2 cohorts of (very) small size, including 310 cases.
A significant protective effect was found in one cohort (Laaksonen DE [32]). No significant association was found in the other cohort. The average RR = 0.58.
Effect modification: No data was found.
Subjects with prevalent disease: No data was found.
Conclusion: A significant protective effect was found in one cohort of very small size. Inconclusive evidence was found for an association between
consumption of dietary linoleic acid and total cardiovascular disease.
| Author | Cohort name | Cases | End point | Relative Risk (RR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 32) Laaksonen DE (2005) | The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study | 78 | Mortality | RR = 0.46 (0.23-0.91; P = 0.03). |
| 12) Dolecek TA (1992) | The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial | 232 | Mortality | RR = 0.62 (P = NS). |
| Total number of cases: 310 | Average RR = 0.58 |
Linoleic acid and coronary heart disease (CHD).
Results:
Coronary heart disease risk: Data was provided by 6 cohorts, including 5,260 cases.
A significant protective effect was found in one cohort examining women (Oh K [13]). No associations were found in the 5 cohorts examining men only. RR's were
available from 4 cohorts. The average RR = 0.91.
Coronary heart disease mortality: Data was provided by 4 male cohorts, including 2,137 cases.
No associations were found. RR's were available from 3 cohorts. The average RR = 0.95.
Effect modification: No data was found.
Subjects with prevalent disease: No data was found.
Conclusion: A significant protective effect was found in one cohort. Inconclusive evidence was found for an association between consumption of
dietary linoleic acid and coronary heart disease.
| Author | Cohort name | Cases | End point | Relative Risk (RR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19) Pietinen P (1997) | The ATBC Study | 1,399 | Risk | RR = 1.06 (0.90-1.25; P = 0.48). |
| 13) Oh K (2005) | The Nurses' Health Study | 1,766 | Risk | RR = 0.77 (0.62-0.95; P = 0.01). |
| 13) Ascherio A (1996) | The Health Professionals Follow Up Study | 734 | Risk | RR = 1.04 (0.82-1.33; P = 0.89). |
| 12) Dolecek TA (1992) | The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial | 175 | Mortality | RR = 0.63 (P = NS). |
| 2) Goldbourt U (1993) | The Israeli Ischemic Heart Disease Study | 1,098 | Mortality | No significant association. |
| 1) Oglesby P (1963) | The Western Electric Study | 88 | Risk | No significant association. |
| Total number of cases: 5,260 | Average RR = 0.91 |
| Author | Cohort name | Cases | End point | Relative Risk (RR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19) Pietinen P (1997) | The ATBC Study | 635 | CHD | RR = 0.92 (0.56-1.50; P = 0.67). |
| 13) Ascherio A (1996) | The Health Professionals Follow Up Study | 229 | CHD | RR = 1.28 (0.83-1.98; P = 0.41). |
| 12) Dolecek TA (1992) | The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial | 175 | CHD | RR = 0.63 (P = NS). |
| 2) Goldbourt U (1993) | The Israeli Ischemic Heart Disease Study | 1,098 | CHD | No significant association. |
| Total number of cases: 2,137 | Average RR = 0.95 |
Linoleic acid and stroke.
Data about one cohort of very small size was found, in which the association with total stroke risk was examined (Keli SO [7]). No association was found.
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32) Laaksonen DE (2005) | The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD) | 1,551 men aged 42-60, and free of CVD, cancer, and diabetes. (Finland) | 14.6 (1984-89 to 2001) | 78? | Cardiovascular death | Dietary linoleic acid (not defined) |
RR = 0.46 (0.23-0.91; P = 0.03) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption. Amount specific data (g/d): 2.2-7.7: RR = 1. 7.7-10.3: RR = 0.74 (0.43-1.27). 10.4-52.3: RR = 0.46 (0.23-0.91). | Energy, age, year of examination, smoking, alcohol, adult socioeconomic status, moderate to vigorous leisure-time physical activity, plasma alpha-tocopherol, plasma ascorbic acid, dietary total energy, saturated fat, fiber, LDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication, family history of IHD, C-reactive protein concentrations, fasting concentrations of insulin and nonesterified fatty acids, and BMI. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12) Dolecek TA (1992) | The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) | 6,250 men aged 35-57, and at a high risk of CHD. (USA) | 10.5 (?-1985) | 232? | Cardiovascular disease mortality | Dietary linoleic acid (18:2n-6) | This was a randomized trial, but only data from the "usual care" group was analyzed.
Age, race, smoking, baseline diastolic blood pressure, HDL, LDL, and alcohol. |
12) Dolecek TA (1991) | The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) | 6,258 men aged 35-57, and at a high risk of developing CHD based upon smoking status, diastolic blood pressure, and serum cholesterol levels. | (USA) ?-1985 | 232 | CVD mortality | Dietary linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6) | This was a randomized trial, but only data from the "usual care" group was analyzed. | RR = 0.63 (No 95% CI; P = 0.37) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption. Amount specific data (g): 7.0: RR = 1 10.6: RR = 0.65 13.4: RR = 0.71 16.8: RR = 1.06 25.1: RR = 0.63 Age, race, baseline smoking, diastolic blood pressure, HDL and LDL levels. |
|