| 10) Joshipura KJ (2009) | The Nurses' Health Study
&
The Health Professional's Follow-up Study | 70,870 women aged 38-63, and 38,918 men aged 40-75. Subjects were without cancer, diabetes or CVD. | Men: 14 (1986-2000).
Women: 16 (1984-2000) | 2,040? men, and
1,852? women | Ischaemic CVD incidence (fatal and non-fatal MI and ischaemic stroke) | Potatoes |
Highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Stratified by energy from carbohydrate intake:
| < 40% | 40-55% | > 55% |
Men: RR = 1.16
Women: RR = 1.25
Men & women: RR = 1.21 (0.93-1.56)
|
Men: RR = 1.32
Women: RR = 0.99
Men & women: RR = 1.14 (0.86-1.52)
|
Men: RR = 1.10
Women: RR = 1.15
Men & women: RR = 1.12 (0.86-1.47)
|
Per increment of 1 serving/d.
Stratified by energy from carbohydrate intake:
| < 40% | 40-55% | > 55% |
Men: RR = 1.09
Women: RR = 1.24
Men & women: RR = 1.15 (0.87-1.52)
|
Men: RR = 1.30
Women: RR = 1.03
Men & women: RR = 1.17 (0.94-1.46; P = < 0.05)
|
Men: RR = 1.30
Women: RR = 1.20
Men & women: RR = 1.26 (0.93-1.69)
|
Effect modification: All associations were generally attenuated among the multivitamin supplement users (data not shown).Total energy, whole grains, age, smoking, alcohol, BMI, multivitamin and vitamin E supplement use, aspirin use, physical activity, family history of MI, history of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and incident diabetes, and menopausal status and hormone replacement therapy. |
| 10) Hung HC. (2004) | The Nurses' Health Study
&
The Health Professionals' Follow-up Study. | 71,910 women (aged 30-55) and
37,725 men (aged 40-75).
(USA) | 14
(1984-1998)
(women), and
12
(1986-1998)
(men) | 1964? women, and
1670? men.
1314 never smokers, 1513 past smokers, and 988 current smokers.
1625 non-vitamin supplement users, and 1444 vitamin supplement users. | Cardiovascular disease risk | Potatoes |
Stratified by sex:
| Men + women | Men | Women |
| RR = 1.10 (0.97-1.24; No P-value). | RR = 1.14 (No 95% CI; No P-value). | RR = 1.05 (No 95% CI; No P-value). |
Stratified by smoking status (men and women combined):
| Never | Past | Current |
| RR = 1.02 (0.78-1.33; No P-value). | RR = 1.09 (0.90-1.33; No P-value). | RR = 1.12 (0.88-1.42; No P-value). |
Stratified by multivitamin use (men and women combined):
| Non-vitamin use | Multivitamin use |
| RR = 0.97 (0.80-1.16; No P-value). | RR = 1.18 (0.97-1.45; No P-value). |
All RRs are for an increment of 1 serving/day.Total calorie intake, age, smoking status, alcohol use, body mass index, multivitamin and vitamin E supplement use, physical activity, family history of myocardial infarction, family history of colon cancer, personal history of hypertension, personal history of hypercholesterolemia, personal history of diabetes, and (for women only) family history of breast cancer, menopausal status, and use of hormone replacement therapy. |
| 2) Vollset SE (1983) | No cohort name. | 16,713 Norwegian postal dietary survery respondents. | 11.5
(1967-?) | 438? | CVD mortality | Potatoes | A negative association (no data shown). | Not defined, but possiby sex, age, region, and urbanisation. |
Coronary heart disease:
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments |
| 37) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study. | 42,743 men, and 59,213 women.
(Japan) | Not defined. | 595 men, and
398 women. | Ischemic heart disease mortality | Potatoes |
| Men: | Women |
HR = 0.85 (0.68-1.06) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data:
< 1/2: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.84 (0.67-1.05).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.85 (0.68-1.06).
|
HR = 0.67 (0.49-0.90; P = < 0.01) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data:
< 1/2: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.85 (0.62-1.16).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.67 (0.49-0.90).
|
Age and study area. |
| 13) Pietinen P (1996) | The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. | 21,930 smoking men aged 50-69.
(Finland) | 6.1
(? to 1993) | CHD risk: 1,399?
CHD death: 635. | Risk of a major coronary event (nonfatal MI or CHD death)
&
CHD death | Potatoes |
| Risk of a major coronary event: | Risk of coronary death: |
| Not associated with major coronary events (data not shown).
|
RR = 0.74 (0.57-0.97; P = 0.02) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g):
95.3: RR = 1.
135.3: RR = 0.91 (0.72-1.16).
168.6: RR = 0.98 (0.78-1.25).
209.6: RR = 0.80 (0.62-1.03).
286.5: RR = 0.74 (0.57-0.97).
|
Age, treatment group, smoking, BMI, blood pressure, intakes of energy, alcohol, and saturated fatty acids, education, and physical activity. |
| 10) Joshipura KJ (2001) | The Nurses' Health Study &
The Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study. | 84,251 women aged 34-59, and 42,148 men aged 40-75.
(USA) | Women: 14 (1980-1994).
Men: 8 (1986-1994). | 1,127? women and
1,063? men.
1.193? non-multivitamin supplement users and
729? multivitamin supplement users.
1.446? never or past smokers and
708? current smokers. | Coronary heart disease risk (nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal coronary disease) | Potatoes |
| Pooled | Women | Men |
RR = 1.15 (0.78-1.70; No P-value) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (quintiles. not defined):
Q1: RR = 1.
Q2: RR = 1.19 (0.86-1.64).
Q3: RR = 0.98 (0.75-1.30).
Q4: RR = 1.03 (0.56-1.89).
Q5: RR = 1.15 (0.78-1.70).
RR for a 1-serving/d increase in intake: 1.06 (0.59-1.89).
|
RR = 0.95 (No 95% CI; No P-value) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (median servings/d):
0.14: RR = 1.
Not defined: RR = 1.01.
Not defined: RR = 0.86.
Not defined: RR = 0.75.
0.96: RR = 0.95.
RR for a 1-serving/d increase in intake: 0.78.
|
RR = 1.41 (No 95% CI; No P-value) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (median servings/d):
0.14: RR = 1.
Not defined: RR = 1.41.
Not defined: RR = 1.14.
Not defined: RR = 1.40.
1.02: RR = 1.41.
RR for a 1-serving/d increase in intake: 1.41.
|
Stratified by multivitamin supplement use:
| Participants not using multivitamin supplements | Participants using multivitamin supplements |
| RR = 0.78 (0.46-1.34). |
RR = 1.27 (0.93-1.73). |
Stratified by smoking status:
| Never or past smokers | Current smokers |
| RR = 1.12 (0.72-1.76). |
RR = 0.93 (0.42-2.06). |
Age, smoking status, alcohol intake, family history of myocardial infarction, BMI, vitamin supplement use, vitamin E use, physical activity, aspirin use, 2-year follow-up period, presence of hypertension, presence of hypercholesterolemia, total daily caloric intake, and postmenopausal hormone use (women). |
| 7) Knekt P (1994) | The Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Cohort. | 5,133 men and women aged 30-69. | 14
(1968-72 to 1984) | 186? men, and 58? women. | CHD mortality | Potatoes | The CHD cases did not consume significantly more potatoes (287 vs 274 g/day; P = 0.27). | Age. |
| 3) Tanaka H (1987) | The Shibata Study. | 963 men + 1,338 women aged ≥ 40.
(Japan) | 7.5
(1977-1984) | Not defined. | Ischemic heart disease risk
(MI + angina pectoris + sudden death) | Potatoes | No significant association was observed: RR = 0.45 (No 95% CI; No P-value) for intake ≥ 1.97 g/kg body weight per day. | Sex and age. |
Stroke:
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments |
| 37) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study. | 42,743 men, and 59,213 women.
(Japan) | Not defined. | 1,180 men, and
992 women. | Cerebrovascular mortality | Potatoes |
| Men: | Women |
HR = 1.03 (0.87-1.21) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data:
< 1/2: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.95 (0.80-1.12).
≥ 3/w: HR = 1.03 (0.87-1.21).
|
HR = 0.88 (0.72-1.08) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data:
< 1/2: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.94 (0.76-1.16).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.88 (0.72-1.08).
|
Age and study area. |
| 16) Ross RK (1997) | No cohort name defined | 18,244 men aged 45-64 from Shanghai.
(China) | 1986-89 to 1994 | 245? | Stroke/cerebrovascular accident death | White potato | No significant association was found when evaluated either as median levels of daily intake or as tertiles of intake frequencies (No data shown). | Education, marital status, BMI, lifetime cigarette smoking, lifetime ethanol intake, and history of hypertension. |
| 10) Joshipura KJ (1999) | The Nurses' Health Study
&
The Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study | 75,596 women aged 34-59, and 38,683 men aged 40-75.
(USA) | Women: 14
(1980-1994).
Men: 8
(1986-1994). | 570?
295 non-users of vitamin supplements, and 216 users of multivitamin supplements.
388 never & past smokers, and 172 current smokers. | Ischemic stroke risk | Potatoes |
| Pooled | Women
(366? cases) | Men
(204? cases) |
RR = 1.18 (0.90-1.54) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (not defined):
Q1: RR = 1.
Q2: RR = 1.06 (0.82-1.37).
Q3: RR = 1.03 (0.80-1.32).
Q4: RR = 1.07 (0.82-1.40).
Q5: RR = 1.18 (0.90-1.54).
RR for an increment of 1 serving/day:
1.21 (0.89-1.64).
|
RR = 1.09 (0.69-1.72) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (servings/day):
0.14: RR = 1.
Not defined: RR = 0.96 (0.61-1.52).
Not defined: RR = 0.92 (0.61-1.39).
Not defined: RR = 1.12 (0.74-1.72).
0.96: RR = 1.09 (0.69-1.72).
RR for an increment of 1 serving/day:
1.15 (0.69-1.90).
|
RR = 1.23 (0.88-1.72) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (servings/day):
0.14: RR = 1.
Not defined: RR = 1.11 (0.81-1.52).
Not defined: RR = 1.10 (0.81-1.50).
Not defined: RR = 1.04 (0.74-1.46).
1.02: RR = 1.23 (0.88-1.72).
RR for an increment of 1 serving/day:
1.25 (0.85-1.83).
|
Stratified by vitamin supplement use:
| No vitamin supplement | Multivitamin supplement |
| RR for an increment of 1 serving/day: 1.18 (0.72-1.94).
|
RR for an increment of 1 serving/day: 1.12 (0.68-1.85).
|
Stratified by smoking status:
| Never and past smokers | Current smokers |
| RR for an increment of 1 serving/day: 1.17 (0.80-1.70).
|
RR for an increment of 1 serving/day: 1.35 (0.79-2.31).
|
Age, smoking, alcohol, family history of MI, BMI, vitamin supplement use, vitamin E use, physical activity, aspirin use, time period, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, total energy intake, and amon women, postmenopausal hormone use. |
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