| 22) Sinha R (2009) | The National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study. | 322,263 men, and 223,390 women.
(USA) | 10
(1995-2005) | Men: 14,221.
Women: 5,356. | CVD mortality (a combination of heart diseases; hypertension without heart disease; cerebrovascular diseases; atherosclerosis; aortic aneurysm and dissection; and other diseases of the arteries, arterioles, and capillaries) | White meat (chicken, turkey, and fish, including poultry cold cuts, chicken mixtures, canned tuna, and low-fat sausages and low-fat hotdogs made from poultry) |
| Men: | Women: |
HR = 1.05 (1.00-1.11; P = 0.009) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g/1000 kcal):
9.5: HR = 1.
18.4: HR = 0.96 (0.91-1.00).
27.4: HR = 0.96 (0.91-1.01).
39.4: HR = 0.99 (0.94-1.04).
64.6: HR = 1.05 (1.00-1.11).
Stratified by smoking status:
Never smokers: HR = 1.24 (1.10-1.40).
Former/current smokers: No data shown.
|
HR = 1.04 (0.96-1.14; P = 0.19) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g/1000 kcal):
9.5: HR = 1.
18.4: HR = 0.97 (0.89-1.06).
27.4: HR = 1.07 (0.98-1.17).
39.4: HR = 1.05 (0.96-1.14).
64.6: HR = 1.04 (0.96-1.14).
Stratified by smoking status:
Never smokers: HR = 1.20 (1.03-1.41).
Former/current smokers: No data shown.
|
Age, race, total energy intake, education, marital status, family history of cancer, BMI, smoking history, vigorous physical activity, alcohol intake, vitamin supplement user, and vegetable consumption. |
| 6) Hu FB (1999) | The Nurses' Health Study | 80,082 women aged 34-59.
(USA) | 14
(1980-1994) | 939? | Coronary heart disease incidence (nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal coronary disease) | Poultry and fish (not defined) |
| Poultry and fish | Ratio of red meat to poultry and fish |
RR = 0.85 (No 95% CI; P = 0.06) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
RR for 1 serving/d: 0.76 (0.56-1.02).
Amount specific data (servings/day):
< or = 0.21: RR = 1.0.
0.22-0.32: RR = 0.92.
0.33-0.49: RR = 0.88.
0.50-0.68: RR = 0.80.
> 0.68: RR = 0.85.
|
RR = 1.32 (No 95% CI; P = 0.001) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
RRs for increasing quintiles:
RR = 1.0.
RR = 1.00.
RR = 1.13.
RR = 1.20.
RR = 1.32.
|
Age, time period, BMI, cigarette smoking, menopausal status, parental history of myocardial infarction before age 60, vitamin E supplement use, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, aspirin use, vigorous exercise, and total energy. Red meat, white meat, and high-fat and low-fat dairy products were entered into the multivariate models simultaneously. |
| |