Some articles provided information about combinations of vegetables or fruits which could not be included in standard subgroups for these variables.
Results are not discussed, but are shown in the following table.
| More information: back to literature review.|
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 24) Sato Y. (2005) | The Miyagi Cohort Study. | 47,605 subjects (22,836 men and 24,769 women) aged 40-64. (Japan) | 1990-1997 | Colon: 165? Rectal: 110? | Colon, and rectal cancer risk | Fruits other than oranges (not defined) | No significant correlation was found with colon, and rectal cancer risk (No data shown). | Sex, age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, BMI, education, family history of cancer, walking time, and meat consumption. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 22) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study. | 41,395 men, and 56,195 women. (Japan) | Not defined. | 183 men, and 189 women. | Colon cancer mortality | Fruits other than citrus fruits (not defined) |
Age and study area. |
22) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study. | 41,395 men, and 56,195 women. | (Japan) Not defined. | 149 men, and | 76 women. Rectal cancer mortality | Fruits other than citrus fruits (not defined) |
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Age and study area. |
17) Flood A. (2002) | The Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP). | 45,490 women. | (USA) 8.5-8.7 | (1987-89 to 1995-98) 485? | colorectal cancer risk | Vegetables in beef stew |
A positive association: RR = 1.23 (0.95-1.59) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption. | Amount specific data (servings per 1000 kJ/day*): 0.000: RR = 1. < 0.001: RR = 0.95 (0.65-1.39). 0.006: RR = 1.09 (0.83-1.42). 0.013: RR = 1.03 (0.79-1.35). 0.030: RR = 1.23 (0.95-1.59). * = Only that portion contributing vegetables was counted. Energy, multivitamin supplement use, BMI, height, use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, smoking status, education level, physical activity, and intakes of fruit, grains, red meat, calcium, vitamin D, and alcohol. |
17) Flood A. (2002) | The Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP). | 45,490 women. | (USA) 8.5-8.7 | (1987-89 to 1995-98) 485? | colorectal cancer risk | Vegetables in chili |
A nonsignificantly decreased risk: RR = 0.87 (0.67-1.13) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption. | Amount specific data (servings per 1000 kJ/day*): 0.000: RR = 1. < 0.001: RR = 1.03 (0.67-1.58). 0.003: RR = 0.91 (0.71-1.18). 0.009: RR = 0.87 (0.67-1.13). 0.021: RR = 0.87 (0.67-1.13). * = Only that portion contributing vegetables was counted. Energy, multivitamin supplement use, BMI, height, use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, smoking status, education level, physical activity, and intakes of fruit, grains, red meat, calcium, vitamin D, and alcohol. |
17) Flood A. (2002) | The Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP). | 45,490 women. | (USA) 8.5-8.7 | (1987-89 to 1995-98) 485? | colorectal cancer risk | Vegetables in spaghetti |
A positive association: RR = 1.25 (0.94-1.64) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption. | Amount specific data (servings per 1000 kJ/day*): < 0.001: RR = 1. 0.004: RR = 1.08 (0.82-1.42). 0.009: RR = 1.13 (0.85-1.49). 0.015: RR = 0.96 (0.72-1.29). 0.028: RR = 1.25 (0.94-1.64). * = Only that portion contributing vegetables was counted. Energy, multivitamin supplement use, BMI, height, use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, smoking status, education level, physical activity, and intakes of fruit, grains, red meat, calcium, vitamin D, and alcohol. |
7) Thun MJ. (1992) | The Cancer Prevention Study II. | 764,343 adults (337,505 men, and 426,838 women) aged ≥ 30. | Nested case-control (matched by exact age, race, and sex). (USA) 1982-1988 | 1,150? | (611 men, and 539 women) Colon cancer mortality | Squash/corn | A reduced risk in both men and women (no data shown). | Unadjusted! |
4) Heilbrun LK (1989) | The Japan-Hawaii Cancer Study. | 8,006 American Japanese men from Hawaii. | (Nested case-control) 16 | (1965-68 to ?) Colon: 102 | Rectal: 60 Colorectal cancer incidence | Fruits and fruit products other than "deep yellow fruits and fruit products" (includes apples, cherries) | Authors note: Data about significance was not defined by the authors from the original article, but - compared with defined data from other dietary variables - a (nonsignificant?) protective effect against rectal cancer risk is suggested. | Mean intake for colon (101.9 g/day), and rectal (71.2 g/day) cancer cases as compared to controls (106.4 g/day). No significant dose-response was found with colon and rectal cancer (no data shown). Age. |
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