| 30) Nomura AM (2008) | The Multiethnic Cohort Study. | 85,903 men and 105,108 women aged 45-75.
(Hawaii and California) | 7.3
(1993-96 to 2001) | 1138? men, and 972? women | Colorectal cancer risk
(only invasive adenocarcinoma of the large bowel) | Yellow-orange fruit (not defined. excluding fruit juices) |
| Men: | Women: |
RR = 0.83 (0.68-1.03; P = 0.081) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (quintiles not defined):
Q1: RR = 1.
Q2: RR = 0.97 (0.80-1.18).
Q3: RR = 0.87 (0.71-1.06).
Q4: RR = 0.89 (0.73-1.09).
Q5: RR = 0.83 (0.68-1.03).
|
RR = 0.83 (0.66-1.05; P = 0.354) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (quintiles not defined):
Q1: RR = 1.
Q2: RR = 0.81 (0.65-1.01).
Q3: RR = 0.99 (0.72-1.12).
Q4: RR = 0.91 (0.73-1.13).
Q5: RR = 0.83 (0.66-1.05).
|
Age, family history of colorectal cancer, history of colorectal polyp, pack-years of cigarette smoking, BMI, hours of vigorous activity, aspirin use, multivitamin use, replacement hormone use, log energy intake, alcohol, red meat, folate, vitamin D, and calcium. |
| 4) Heilbrun LK (1989) | The Japan-Hawaii Cancer Study. | 8,006 American Japanese men from Hawaii.
(Nested case-control) | 16
(1965-68 to ?) | Colon: 102
Rectal: 60 | Colorectal cancer incidence | Deep yellow fruits and fruit products (including peaches, apricots) | Colon: A nonsignificanly lower mean intake for colon (90.0 g/day) cancer cases was noted as compared to controls (102.0 g/day).
Rectal: mean intake = 105.2 g/day.
No significant dose-response was found with colon and rectal cancer (no data shown). | Age. |
|