| 14) Feskanich D (2000) | The Nurses' Health Study
&
The Health Professionals' Follow-up Study | 77,283 US women (38-63 years) and 47,778 men (40-75 years) | Women: 1984-1996.
Men: 1986-1996. | 516? women, and
258? men | Total lung cancer risk | Potatoes (include french fried potatoes and potatoes [baked or mashed]) |
| Women: | Men: |
RR = 1.09 (0.79-1.50) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (servings/wk):
< 1.0: RR = 1.
1.0-1.9: RR = 0.98 (0.73-1.32).
2.0-2.9: RR = 1.11 (0.80-1.53).
3.0-3.9: RR = 1.02 (0.75-1.39).
> 3.9: RR = 1.09 (0.79-1.50).
|
RR = 1.05 (0.67-1.64) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (servings/wk):
< 1.0: RR = 1.
1.0-1.9: RR = 0.83 (0.53-1.28).
2.0-2.9: RR = 1.04 (0.64-1.72).
3.0-4.0: RR = 1.13 (0.73-1.74).
> 4.0: RR = 1.05 (0.67-1.64).
|
age, follow-up cycle, smoking status,years since quitting among past smokers, cigarettes smoked/day among current smokers, age at start of smoking, total energy intake, and availability of diet data after baseline measure |
| 11) Hogervorst JG (2009) | The Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer | 58,279 men and 62,573 women aged 55-69. | 13,3
(1986-2000) | 2649? | Lung cancer incidence | Potato crisps |
Men.
Characteristics in g/d:
| Controls | Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(871 cases) | Large Cell Lung Carcinoma
(275 cases) | Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
(359 cases) | Adenocarcinoma
(426 cases) |
| 0.47
|
0.37
|
0.48
|
0.44
|
0.41
|
Women.
Characteristics in g/d:
| Controls | Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(83 cases) | Large Cell Lung Carcinoma
(52 cases) | Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
(63 cases) | Adenocarcinoma
(102 cases) |
| 0.40
|
0.29
|
0.93
|
0.43
|
0.40
|
Unadjusted. |
| 11) Hogervorst JG (2009) | The Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer | 58,279 men and 62,573 women aged 55-69. | 13,3
(1986-2000) | 2649? | Lung cancer incidence | French fries |
Men.
Characteristics in g/d:
| Controls | Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(871 cases) | Large Cell Lung Carcinoma
(275 cases) | Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
(359 cases) | Adenocarcinoma
(426 cases) |
| 7.2
|
6.9
|
6.5
|
6.1
|
6.5
|
Women.
Characteristics in g/d:
| Controls | Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(83 cases) | Large Cell Lung Carcinoma
(52 cases) | Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
(63 cases) | Adenocarcinoma
(102 cases) |
| 4.0
|
4.8
|
3.7
|
4.0
|
3.5
|
Unadjusted. |
| 8) Knekt P (1991) | The Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Cohort | 4,538 men aged 20-69 (2,121 nonsmokers, and 2,417 smokers). | 20
(1966-72 to 1986) | Non/ex-smokers: 24?
Current smokers: 93? | Lung cancer risk | Potatoes |
| Nonsmokers/ex-smokers: | Current smokers: |
RR = 2.08 (P = 0.06) for the lowest vs highest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (tertiles not defined):
Low: RR = 2.08.
Middle: RR = 1.17.
High: RR = 1.
|
RR = 0.81 (P = 0.38) for the lowest vs highest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (tertiles not defined):
Low: RR = 0.81.
Middle: RR = 0.89.
High: RR = 1.
|
Age.
Results were not changed after adjustment for social class, geographic area, energy and fat intake, BMI, height, or all other foodstuffs. |
| 2) Kvale G (1983) | No cohort name. | 10,602 men.
(Norway) | 11.5
(1967-1978) | All: 81.
Squamous and small cell: 50. | Lung cancer risk | Potatoes |
| Primary tumours: | Squamous and small-cell carcinomas: |
| Relative odds = 1.07 (P = 0.98) for the highest vs lowest quartile of consumption (≥ 4 vs < 2 potatoes/day).
|
Relative odds = 0.85 (P = 0.69) for the highest vs lowest quartile of consumption (≥ 4 vs < 2 potatoes/day).
|
Age, cigarette smoking, region and urban/rural place of residence. |
Prospective studies of potatoes and lung cancer mortality:
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments |
| 26) Khan MM. (2004) | No cohort name. | 1,524 men and 1,634 women aged ≥ 40 living in Hokkaido, Japan. | 1984-2002 | 41 men, 10 women? | Lung cancer mortality | Potato | Men: RR = 1.0 (0.4-2.2; No P-value).
Women: RR = 0.7 (0.2-3.5; No P-value).
RRs are for consumption ≥ several times/wk vs ≤ several times/month. | Men: age and smoking. Women: age, health status, health education, health screening + smoking. |
| 19) Skuladottir H (2006) | The Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study. | 286 currently smoking men and women with lung cancer. | (1993-97 to 2004) | Not defined | Lung cancer mortality | Potatoes |
| All subjects: | Among 168 subjects with localized or regional disease only: |
An increased risk: HR = 1.58 (1.12-2.23; No P-value) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g/day):
2-110: HR = 1.
111-181: HR = 1.52 (1.07-2.15).
182-837: HR = 1.58 (1.12-2.23).
Controlling for alcohol did not change the estimates (results not shown). |
HR = 1.63 (1.01-2.62; No P-value).
Amount specific data (g/day):
2-110: HR = 1.
111-181: HR = 1.31 (0.80-2.12).
182-837: HR = 1.63 (1.01-2.62). |
A similar effect was found after excluding patients with metastatic disease or unknown extend of disease.Sex, age, extend of disease, duration of smoking, vegetables and fruit. |
| 17) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study. | 42,743 men, and 59,213 women.
(Japan) | Not defined. | 831 men, and
248 women. | Lung cancer mortality | Potatoes |
| Men: | Women |
HR = 0.88 (0.73-1.07) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data:
< 1/2: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.98 (0.81-1.18).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.88 (0.73-1.07).
|
HR = 0.90 (0.59-1.38) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data:
< 1/2: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 1.02 (0.66-1.57).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.90 (0.59-1.38).
|
Age and study area. |
| 17) Ozasa K (2001) | The JACC Study. | 42,940 Japanese men (22,465 current smokers, 11,308 ex-smokers, 9,167 nonsmokers) and 55,308 women (2,868 current smokers, 852 ex-smokers, 51,588 nonsmokers) aged 40-79. | 7.7
(1988-90 to 1997) | 446 men (303 current-, 111 ex-, and 32 non-smokers), and 126 women (19 current-, 6 ex-, and 101 nonsmokers) | Lung cancer mortality | Potatoes | Not associated with lung cancer death among each group (Men + women, and male current smokers, male ex-smokers and female nonsmokers. Other smoking-status groups were not analyzed because of insufficient numbers of lung cancer cases.). No data shown!
The amount of cases in each food group did not always add up to the total amount of cases in the cohort! | Age, parents' history of lung cancer, smoking status, smoking index and time since quitting smoking. |
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