Lung cancer risk: Data about lung cancer risk was provided by 2 cohorts. No association was found.
Lung cancer mortality: Data about lung cancer mortality was provided by 1 cohort. A significant protective effect was found among men.
Conclusion: No evidence was found for an association between yellow vegetables and lung cancer.
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 17) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study. | 39,323 men, and 55,480 women. (Japan) | Not defined. | 748 men, and 231 women. | Lung cancer mortality | Carrot or pumpkin |
Age and study area. |
17) Ozasa K (2001) | The JACC Study. | 42,940 Japanese men (22,465 current smokers, 11,308 ex-smokers, 9,167 nonsmokers) and 55,308 women (2,868 current smokers, 852 ex-smokers, 51,588 nonsmokers) aged 40-79. | 7.7 | (1988-90 to 1997) 347 men (237 current smokers), and 99 women | Lung cancer mortality | Carrots and squash |
|
Age, parents' history of lung cancer, smoking status, smoking index and time since quitting smoking. |
8) Knekt P (1991) | The Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Cohort | 4,538 men aged 20-69 (2,121 nonsmokers, and 2,417 smokers). | 20 | (1966-72 to 1986) 117? | (24 non/exsmokers, and 93 current smokers) Lung cancer risk | Yellow or red vegetables (not defined) | No difference in consumption between cases (32 g/day), and noncases (36 g/day). | Non/ex-smokers: A relatively strong relation: RR = 2.6 (0.8-8.3) for the lowest vs highest tertile of consumption. Age. |
Results were not changed after adjustment for social class, geographic area, energy and fat intake, BMI, height, or all other foodstuffs. 4) Shibata A (1992) | The Leisure World Study. | 5,080 elderly men. | (USA) 8 | (1981-1989) 97 | Lung cancer risk | Yellow vegetables (defined as: sweet potatoes, yams, pumpkin [include use in pie or soup]; carrots; summer squash [zucchini, yellow crookneck, yellow straightneck, cocozelle, scallop squash]; sweet red peppers; hot chili peppers [include hot pepper sauce, chili powder, cayenne pepper, tobasco sauce]) |
RR = 0.86 (0.54-1.38;No P-value) for the highest vs the lowest tertile of consumption. | Amount specific data (Tertiles not defined): T1: RR = 1. T2: RR = 0.73 (0.44-1.21). T3: RR = 0.86 (0.54-1.38). age, personal, and wife's smoking-adjusted |
4) Shibata A. (1992) | The Leisure World Study. | 11,580 residents of a retirement community. | (USA) 1981-1989 | 164 (94 men, 70 women) | Lung cancer risk | Yellow vegetables (sweet potatoes, yams, pumpkin [including use in pie or soup], carrots, summer squash [zucchini, yellow crookneck, yellow straightneck, cocozelle, scallop squash], sweet red peppers, hot red chili peppers [including hot pepper sauce, chili powder, cayenne pepper, tobasco sauce].) |
|
Age and smoking. |
Adjustment for BMI or physical activity did not materially alter the results (data not shown). |