Carrots and ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer risk: Data about the relation with ovarian cancer risk was provided by a pooled analysis of 9 cohorts (9). No association was found.

Ovarian cancer mortality: No data was found.

Conclusion: No associations were found. No evidence was found for an association between carrots and ovarian cancer.

Author

Cohort name

Subjects

Years of follow-up

Cases

End point

Consumption of

Relative Risk (RR)

Adjustments

9) Koushik A (2005)

Pooled analysis of 9 cohort studies.

448,051 women.

7-22

1,645

Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Carrots

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

At least 50 incident invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases.
An assessment of usual diet.
A validation study of the diet assessment method or a closely related instrument.

INCLUDED STUDIES (Follow-up years/No. of ovarian cancer casses):

The Canadian National Breast Screening Study (1980-2000/223).
Terry PD. Cigarette smoking and the risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer in a prospective cohort study. Eur J Cancer. 2003 May;39(8):1157-64. Abstract
The Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort (1992-2001/278).
Calle EE. The American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort: rationale, study design, and baseline characteristics. Cancer. 2002 Jan 15;94(2):500-11. Abstract
The Iowa Women's Health Study (1986-2001/208).
Kushi LH. Prospective study of diet and ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Jan 1;149(1):21-31 Full text
The Netherlands Cohort Study (1986-1995/208).
Mommers M. Consumption of vegetables and fruits and risk of ovarian carcinoma. Cancer. 2005 Oct 1;104(7):1512-9. Full text
The New York State Cohort (1980-1987/77).
Bandera EV. Diet and alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk in the New York State Cohort (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 1997 Nov;8(6):828-40. Abstract
The New York University Women's Health Study (1985-1998/65).
Kato I. Prospective study of diet and female colorectal cancer: the New York University Women's Health Study. Nutr Cancer. 1997;28(3):276-81. Abstract
The Nurses' Health Study A + B (A = 1980-1986/120. B = 1986-2002/315).
Fairfield KM. Risk of ovarian carcinoma and consumption of vitamins A, C, and E and specific carotenoids: a prospective analysis. Cancer. 2001 Nov 1;92(9):2318-26. Full text
The Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2000/52).
Cho E. Premenopausal fat intake and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Jul 16;95(14):1079-85. Full text
The Women's Health Study (1993-2004/104).
Higginbotham S. Dietary glycemic load and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Jan;13(1):65-70. Full text

RELATIVE RISK:

RR = 1.02 (0.86-1.20) for a daily increment of 1 serving (= 1/2 cup, or 57 g).

P for between-studies heterogeneity = 0.41.

Parity, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use, age at menarche, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, and total energy intake. Age in years and year of questionnaire return were included as stratification variables.

7) Mommers M (2005)

The Netherlands Cohort Study

62,573 postmenopausal women aged 55-69.

11,3
(1986-1997)

240?

Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer incidence

Carrots


Cooked carrots:	Raw carrots:
RR = 1.28 (0.89-1.85) per 25-g per day increment.	A nonsignificantly increased risk: RR = 1.60 (0.95-2.69) per 25-g per day increment.

Age, height, current cigarette smoking, duration of cigarette smoking, number of cigarettes smoked daily, duration of oral contraceptive use, parity, and all individual fruit or vegetable items listed.

4) Gates MA (2007)

The Nurses' Health Study

66,940 women aged 38-63.
(USA)

18
(1984-2002)

347

Epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Carrots

RR = 0.84 (0.49-1.43; P = 0.13) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.

Amount specific data (Servings:
< 2/month: RR = 1.
2/month-< 1/week: RR = 1.15 (0.71-1.88).
1/week: RR = 1.04 (0.65-1.66).
2-3/week: RR = 0.91 (0.56-1.49).
4+/week: RR = 0.84 (0.49-1.43).

Age, duration of oral contraceptive use, parity, history of tubal ligation, smoking status, history of postmenopausal hormone use, physical activity, lactose intake, and total energy intake.

4) Fairfield KM (2001)

The Nurses' Health Study

80,326 women aged 34-59. Excluding women with a history of bilateral oophorectomy, hysterectomy with unknown number of ovaries removed, or history of pelvic irradiation.
(USA)

16
(1980-1996)

263?

Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer incidence

Carrots

RR = 0.98 (0.66-1.46) for ≥ 5 vs < 1 servings/week.

Consumption during adolscence was nonsignificantly inversely associated with risk of ovarian carcinoma (No data shown; based on 148 cases; follow-up 1986-96).

Age, BMI, duration of oral contraceptive use, smoking history, parity, history of tubal ligation, total energy, and dietary fiber.

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to ovarian cancer risk & mortality.

Carrots and ovarian cancer.

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our dietto ovarian cancer risk & mortality.

Carrots and ovarian cancer.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to ovarian cancer risk & mortality.