Ovarian cancer risk: Data about the relation with ovarian cancer risk was provided by a pooled analysis of 12 cohorts (9). No association was found.
Ovarian cancer mortality: No data was found.
Conclusion: No associations were found. No evidence was found for an association between citrus fruit and ovarian cancer.
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments |
| 9) Koushik A (2005) | Pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies. | 560,441 women. | 7-22 | 2,130? | Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk | Rutaceae |
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
RELATIVE RISK: RR = 0.99 (0.95-1.03) for a 100 g/day increment. | Parity, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use, age at menarche, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, and total energy intake. Age in years and year of questionnaire return were included as stratification variables. |
| 7) Mommers M (2005) | The Netherlands Cohort Study | 62,573 postmenopausal women aged 55-69. | 11,3 (1986-1997) | 252? | Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer incidence | Citrus fruit (mandarins, oranges and fresh orange juice, grapefruits and fresh grapefruit juice) | RR = 1.01 (0.97-1.05) per 25-g per day increment. | Age, height, current cigarette smoking, duration of cigarette smoking, number of cigarettes smoked daily, duration of oral contraceptive use, parity, and total vegetables. |
| 6) Larsson SC (2004) | The Swedish Mammography Cohort | 61,084 women aged 38-76. | 13.5 (1987-90 to 2003) | 266 | Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer incidence | Citrus fruit (oranges, mandarins, and grapefruit) |
RR = 1.11 (0.78-1.59; P = 0.57) for the highest vs lowest quartile of consumption. Amount specific data (servings/week): < 1.5: RR = 1. 1.5-< 3.0: RR = 1.09 (0.72-1.64). 3.0-< 7.0: RR = 1.06 (0.75-1.50). ≥ 7.0: RR = 1.11 (0.78-1.59). | Age at baseline, BMI, education, parity, oral contraceptive use, fish consumption, and dietary lactose. |
| 4) Fairfield KM (2001) | The Nurses' Health Study | 80,326 women aged 38-63. Excluding women with a history of bilateral oophorectomy, hysterectomy with unknown number of ovaries removed, or history of pelvic irradiation. (USA) | 1984-1996 | 204 | Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer incidence | Total citrus fruit (oranges, orange juice, grapefruit, and grapefruit juice) |
RR = 1.14 (0.76-1.72; P = 0.87) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption. Amount specific data (servings/week): ≤ 1: RR = 1. 2-7: RR = 0.99 (0.67-1.47). 7+: RR = 1.14 (0.76-1.72). | Age, BMI, duration of oral contraceptive use, smoking history, parity, history of tubal ligation, total energy, and dietary fiber. |