Salads and ovarian cancer.

Data about salads was provided by a pooled analysis of 12 cohorts (9). No association was found with ovarian cancer risk.

Author

Cohort name

Subjects

Years of follow-up

Cases

End point

Consumption of

Relative Risk (RR)

Adjustments

9) Koushik A (2005)

Pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies.

539,784 women.

7-20

1,996

Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Lettuce, salad

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

At least 50 incident invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases.
An assessment of usual diet.
A validation study of the diet assessment method or a closely related instrument.

INCLUDED STUDIES (Follow-up years/No. of ovarian cancer casses):

The Adventist Health Study (1976-1988/53).
Singh PN. Dietary risk factors for colon cancer in a low-risk population. Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Oct 15;148(8):761-74. Full text
The Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (1987-1999/142).
Hannan LM. Physical activity and risk of ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 May;13(5):765-70. Full text
The Canadian National Breast Screening Study (1980-2000/223).
Terry PD. Cigarette smoking and the risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer in a prospective cohort study. Eur J Cancer. 2003 May;39(8):1157-64. Abstract
The Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort (1992-2001/278).
Calle EE. The American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort: rationale, study design, and baseline characteristics. Cancer. 2002 Jan 15;94(2):500-11. Abstract
The Iowa Women's Health Study (1986-2001/208).
Kushi LH. Prospective study of diet and ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Jan 1;149(1):21-31 Full text
The Netherlands Cohort Study (1986-1995/208).
Mommers M. Consumption of vegetables and fruits and risk of ovarian carcinoma. Cancer. 2005 Oct 1;104(7):1512-9. Full text
The New York State Cohort (1980-1987/77).
Bandera EV. Diet and alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk in the New York State Cohort (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 1997 Nov;8(6):828-40. Abstract
The New York University Women's Health Study (1985-1998/65).
Kato I. Prospective study of diet and female colorectal cancer: the New York University Women's Health Study. Nutr Cancer. 1997;28(3):276-81. Abstract
The Nurses' Health Study B (1986-2002/315).
Fairfield KM. Risk of ovarian carcinoma and consumption of vitamins A, C, and E and specific carotenoids: a prospective analysis. Cancer. 2001 Nov 1;92(9):2318-26. Full text
The Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2000/52).
Cho E. Premenopausal fat intake and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Jul 16;95(14):1079-85. Full text
The Swedish Mammography Cohort (1987-2004/285).
Larsson SC. Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to ovarian cancer incidence: the Swedish Mammography Cohort. Br J Cancer. 2004 Jun 1;90(11):2167-70. Full text
The Women's Health Study (1993-2004/104).
Higginbotham S. Dietary glycemic load and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Jan;13(1):65-70. Full text

RELATIVE RISK:

RR = 0.93 (0.85-1.02) for a daily increment of 1 serving (= 1 cup, or 56 g).

P for between-studies heterogeneity = 0.58.

Parity, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use, age at menarche, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, and total energy intake. Age in years and year of questionnaire return were included as stratification variables.

1) Kiani F (2006)

The Adventist Health Study

13,281 non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventist women aged ≥ 25 without a history of hysterectomy.
(USA)

1976-1992

55
(of which 47 postmenopausal)

Epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Salads


All cases:	Postmenopausal cases:
RR = 0.62 (0.30-1.30; P = 0.45) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption. Amount specific data (Frequency/week): < 3: RR = 1. ≥ 3-≤ 6: RR = 0.97 (0.51-1.88). > 6: RR = 0.62 (0.30-1.30).	RR = 0.60 (0.27-1.32; P = 0.55) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption. Amount specific data (Frequency/week): < 3: RR = 1. ≥ 3-≤ 6: RR = 0.91 (0.45-1.87). > 6: RR = 0.60 (0.27-1.32).

Age, parity, BMI, and for age at menopause and HRT in postmenopausal analyses.

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to ovarian cancer risk & mortality.

Salads and ovarian cancer.

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our dietto ovarian cancer risk & mortality.

Salads and ovarian cancer.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to ovarian cancer risk & mortality.