Apples & Pears and prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer risk: Data about the relation with prostate cancer risk was provided by 2 cohorts. A protective effect of apples and pears was found in one cohort (10), but no association with apples of high vs low consumption was found in the other cohort (21).
Prostate cancer mortality: Data about the relation with prostate cancer mortality was provided by one cohort (5). No association was found.

Conclusion: Findings about prostate cancer risk are inconsistent. No evidence was found for an association between apples and/or pears and prostate cancer risk or mortality.

| More information: back to literature review.|

Author	Cohort name	Subjects	Years of follow-up	Cases	End point	Consumption of	Relative Risk (RR)	Adjustments
21) Gonzalez A (2007)	The VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) cohort.	35,244 men aged 50-76. (USA)	3.3 (2000-02 to 2004)	774	Prostate cancer risk	Apples	HR = 1.01 (0.79-1.30; P = 0.97) for the highest vs lowest quartile of consumption. Amount specific data (svgs/week): < 0.20: HR = 1. 0.20-< 0.7: HR = 1.24 (1.00-1.54). 0.7-< 1.7: HR = 1.20 (0.96-1.50). 1.7-33.5: HR = 1.01 (0.79-1.30).	Age, education, race, family history of prostate cancer, PSA test within the 2 years prior to baseline, vegetable intake, fruit intake, alcohol intake, energy intake.
10) Schuurman AG (1998)	The Netherlands Cohort Study.	58,279 men aged 55-69	6.3 ((1986-1992)	637?	prostate cancer risk	Apples and pears	A decreased risk: RR = 0.95 (0.90-0.99) per 25 g/day increment.	Age, family history of prostate cancer, socioeconomic status and total vegetables. Additionaly adjusted for total fruits.
5) Hsing AW. (1990)	The Lutheran Brotherhood Cohort Study.	17,633 white men age ≥ 35. (USA)	20 (1966-1986)	149?	Prostate cancer mortality	Apples	No individual food item was found to increase or decrease risk significantly (no data shown).	age, tobacco

Author

Cohort name

Subjects

Years of follow-up

Cases

End point

Consumption of

Relative Risk (RR)

Adjustments

21) Gonzalez A (2007)

The VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) cohort.

35,244 men aged 50-76.
(USA)

3.3
(2000-02 to 2004)

774

Prostate cancer risk

Apples

HR = 1.01 (0.79-1.30; P = 0.97) for the highest vs lowest quartile of consumption.

Amount specific data (svgs/week):
< 0.20: HR = 1.
0.20-< 0.7: HR = 1.24 (1.00-1.54).
0.7-< 1.7: HR = 1.20 (0.96-1.50).
1.7-33.5: HR = 1.01 (0.79-1.30).

Age, education, race, family history of prostate cancer, PSA test within the 2 years prior to baseline, vegetable intake, fruit intake, alcohol intake, energy intake.

10) Schuurman AG (1998)

The Netherlands Cohort Study.

58,279 men aged 55-69

6.3
((1986-1992)

637?

prostate cancer risk

Apples and pears

A decreased risk: RR = 0.95 (0.90-0.99) per 25 g/day increment.

Age, family history of prostate cancer, socioeconomic status and total vegetables.
Additionaly adjusted for total fruits.

5) Hsing AW. (1990)

The Lutheran Brotherhood Cohort Study.

17,633 white men age ≥ 35.
(USA)

20
(1966-1986)

149?

Prostate cancer mortality

Apples

No individual food item was found to increase or decrease risk significantly (no data shown).

age, tobacco

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to prostate cancer risk & mortality.

Apples & Pears and prostate cancer.

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our dietto prostate cancer risk & mortality.

Apples & Pears and prostate cancer.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to prostate cancer risk & mortality.