| 18) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study | 41,860 men, and 57,565 women.
(Japan) | Not defined. | 8,976 men, and
6,208 women. | All-cause mortality | Chicken |
| Men: | Women: |
HR = 0.96 (0.90-1.03) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (Frequency of intake):
< 1/w: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.92 (0.87-0.97; P = < 0.05).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.96 (0.90-1.03).
|
HR = 0.94 (0.87-1.02) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (Frequency of intake):
< 1/w: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.95 (0.89-1.01; P = < 0.10).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.94 (0.87-1.02).
|
Age and study area. |
| 17) Kelemen LE (2005) | The Iowa Women's Health study | 29,017 postmenopausal women aged 55-69.
(USA) | 15 (1986-2000) | 3,978? | All-cause mortality | Poultry (chicken and turkey) | RR = 1.00 (0.89-1.13; P = 0.48) for the highest vs lowest quintile (median servings per 1,000 kcal between extreme quintiles = 0.04 and 0.30) of substitution for an isoenergetic amount of all carbohydrate-rich foods*
Amount specific data (quintiles. No amounts specified):
Q1: RR = 1.
Q2: RR = 0.93.
Q3: RR = 1.01.
Q4: RR = 1.04.
Q5: RR = 1.00.
*Carbohydrate rich foods [defined as: A composite of refined carbohydrates (rice, pasta, potatoes, refined cold breakfast cereal, muffins, snack foods, sweetened sodas, pizza, chocolate, candy, cakes, cookies, donuts, pastries, pies) and whole-grain carbohydrates (dark bread, brown rice, oatmeal, whole-grain breakfast cereal, bran, wheat germ, and other grains such as bulgar, kasha, and couscous)]. | Age, total energy, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, trans-fat, total fiber, dietary cholesterol, dietary methionine, alcohol, smoking, activity level, BMI, history of hypertension, postmenopausal hormone use, multivitamin use, vitamin E supplement use, education, family history of cancer, servings of fruits and vegetables excluding potatoes, legumes, dairy, eggs, red meats, poultry, and fish. |
| 12) Jamrozik K (2000) | The Perth Community Stroke Study | 790 controls from a previous case-control analysis with or without a history of CVD.
(Australia) | 4
(1990-91 to 1994) | 198? | Death from any cause | Skin from chicken (not defined) | No significant relationship was found with trimming skin from chicken (no data shown). | Sex and age. |
| 10) Whiteman D (1999) | The OXCHECK Study | 10,522 men and women aged 35-64 without a previous history of angina.
(UK) | 9
(1989-1997) | 472 | All-cause mortality | Fresh or frozen poultry (not defined) |
RR = 0.76 (0.48-1.19; No P-value) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (days/wk):
< 1: RR = 1.
1-3: RR = 0.83 (0.69-1.00).
4-7: RR = 0.76 (0.48-1.19). | Gender, smoking and age. |
|