Data about raw vegetables was provided by 1 cohort (26). A strong, significant protective effect was found among subjects with recent myocardial infarction.
Conclusion: A significant protective effect was found in one cohort of small size. No evidence was found for an association between raw vegetables
and mortality.
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments | ||||||
| 26) Barzi F (2003) | The GISSI-Preventione Trial. | 11,246 men and women aged 19-90 with recent (≤ 3 months) myocardial infarction from 172 centres in Italy. | 6.5 (1993-95 to ?) | 1,658 | All-cause mortality | Raw vegetables (not defined) | The intakes of the foods were assessed at baseline, 6, 18 and 42 months. OR = 0.65 (0.51-0.84; P = < 0.0001) for the highest vs lowest quartile of consumption. Amount specific data (frequency of consumption): Never/almost never: OR = 1. 2-3 times per week: OR = 0.83 (0.70-0.98). 1 per day: OR = 0.67 (0.56-0.79). > 1 per day: OR = 0.65 (0.51-0.84). | Age, sex, hypertension, HDL-cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, claudication, electrical instability, left ventricular dysfunction, residual myocardial ischaemia, dietary supplementation (vitamin E, n-3 PUFA and the interaction), pharmacological therapies (aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors), and consumption of fish, fruit, cooked vegetables, and olive oil. | ||||||
| 18) Hung HC. (2005) | The Nurses' Health Study & The Health Professionals' Follow-up Study. | 71,910 women (aged 30-55) and 37,725 men (aged 40-75). (USA) | 14 (1984-1998) (women), and 12 (1986-1998) (men) | 9329? events (1964 cardiovascular, 6584 cancer, and 781 other deaths) in women, and 4957? events (1670 cardiovascular diseases, 2500 cancers, and 787 other deaths) in men | Risk of major chronic disease (cardiovascular disease, cancer, or nontraumatic death) | Raw vegetables (coleslaw and uncooked cabbage, raw carrot, alfalfa sprouts, celery, raw spinach, iceberg and other head lettuce, and romaine and other leaf lettuce) |
Total calorie intake, age, smoking status, alcohol use, body mass index, multivitamin and vitamin E supplement use, physical activity, family history of myocardial infarction, family history of colon cancer, personal history of hypertension, personal history of hypercholesterolemia, personal history of diabetes, and (for women only) family history of breast cancer, menopausal status, and use of hormone replacement therapy. |
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