Processed meat and total cancer.
Total cancer risk: No data was found.
Total cancer mortality: Data was provided by 4 cohorts, including 30,931 cases. A significantly increased risk was found among both men and women in
one cohort of very large size (Sinha R [14]). The average RR = 1.09. This effect size is primarily driven by one single cohort (Sinha R [14]).
Conclusion: A significantly increased cancer mortality risk was found in one cohort of very large size. No other associations were found. Inconclusive evidence
was found for an association between processed meat consumption and total cancer mortality. No data was found about the relation with total cancer risk.
| Author | Cohort name | Cases | Relative Risk (RR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14) Sinha R (2009) | The NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study | 16,433 men, and 8,929 women | Men: HR = 1.12 (1.06-1.19; P = < 0.001). Women: HR = 1.11 (1.04-1.19; P = < 0.001). |
| 13) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study | 3,231 men, and 1,877 women | Men: HR = 0.93 (0.84-1.03). Women: HR = 1.01 (0.88-1.16). |
| 11) Khan MM (2004) | No cohort name defined | 155 men, and 89 women | Men: RR = 1.0 (0.7-1.4). Women: RR = 0.8 (0.5-1.4). |
| 8) Whiteman D (1999) | The OXCHECK Study | 217 | RR = 1.22 (0.60-1.51). |
| Total number of cases: 30,931 | Average RR = 1.09 |
| Author | Cohort name | Subjects | Years of follow-up | Cases | End point | Consumption of | Relative Risk (RR) | Adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14) Sinha R (2009) | The National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study. | 322,263 men, and 223,390 women. (USA) | 10 (1995-2005) | Men: 16,433. Women: 8,929. | Cancer mortality (oral cavity and pharynx, digestive tract, respiratory tract, soft tissue [including heart], skin [excluding basal and squamous cell carcinoma], female genital system and breast, male genital system, urinary tract, endocrine system, lymphoma, leukemia, and other miscelleneous cancers) | Processed meat (bacon, red meat sausage, poultry sausage, luncheon meats [red and white], cold cuts [red and white], ham, regular hotdogs and low-fat hotdogs made from poultry) |
Age, race, total energy intake, education, marital status, family history of cancer, BMI, smoking history, vigorous physical activity, alcohol intake, vitamin supplement user, and vegetable consumption. |
13) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study. | 40,153 men, and 54,783 women. | (Japan) Not defined. | 3,231 men, and | 1,877 women. All cancer mortality | Ham and sausages (not defined) |
|
Age and study area. |
11) Khan MM. (2004) | No cohort name. | 1,524 men and 1,634 women aged ≥ 40 living in Hokkaido, Japan. | 1984-2002 | 155 men, 89 women? | Total cancer mortality | Ham, sausage | Men: RR = 1.0 (0.7-1.4; No P-value). | Women: RR = 0.8 (0.5-1.4; No P-value). RRs are for consumption ≥ several times/wk vs ≤ several times/month. Men: age and smoking. Women: age, health status, health education, health screening + smoking. |
8) Whiteman D. (1999) | The OXCHECK Study. | 10,522 men and women aged 35-64 without a previous history of angina. | (UK) 9 | (1989-1997) 217 | Cancer mortality | Processed meat (e.g. pies, burgers, sausages) |
RR = 1.22 (0.60-2.51; No P-value) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption. | Amount specific data (days/wk): < 1: RR = 1. 1-3: RR = 0.83 (0.61-1.15). 4-7: RR = 1.22 (0.60-2.51). Gender, smoking and age. |
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