| 15) Takachi R (2010) | The JPHC Study | 77,500 subjects (35,730 men and 41,770 women) aged 45-74, and without a history of cancer, CHD, or stroke.
(Japan) | 1995-98 to 2004 | 4,476 | Total cancer risk | Dried and salted fish (salted fish [salted codfish or atka mackerel or salmon]; himono [dried and salted Japanese horse mackerel];, and shirasuboshi [dried young sardines]) |
HR = 1.11 (1.00-1.22; P = 0.19) for the highest vs lowest quintile of consumption.
Amount specific data (g):
0.5: HR = 1.
6.4: HR = 1.08 (0.98-1.19).
13: HR = 1.05 (0.95-1.16).
23: HR = 0.99 (0.89-1.10).
43: HR = 1.11 (1.00-1.22).
Effect modification:
No significant interaction was found with sex, smoking status, age, cohort (I or II), BMI, or alcohol intake (no data shown). | Sex, age, BMI, smoking status, alcohol, physical activity, and energy, potassium, and calcium. |
| 11) Iso H (2007) | The JACC Study | 42,416 men, and 57,735 women.
(Japan) | Not defined. | 3,463 men, and
2,060 women. | All cancer mortality | Dried or salted fish (himono or shiozakana) |
| Men: | Women: |
HR = 1.02 (0.93-1.13) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (Frequency of intake):
< 1/w: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 1.05 (0.96-1.16).
≥ 3/w: HR = 1.02 (0.93-1.13).
|
HR = 0.95 (0.84-1.08) for the highest vs lowest tertile of consumption.
Amount specific data (Frequency of intake):
< 1/w: HR = 1.
1-2/w: HR = 0.93 (0.83-1.05).
≥ 3/w: HR = 0.95 (0.84-1.08).
|
Age and study area. |
| 10) Khan MM (2004) | No cohort name defined | 1,524 men and 1,634 women aged ≥ 40 living in Hokkaido, Japan. | 1984-2002 | 155 men, 89 women? | Total cancer mortality | Salty fish (not defined) |
| Men: | Women |
| RR = 0.9 (0.6-1.2; No P-value) for consumption ≥ several times/wk vs ≤ several times/month. | Women: RR = 1.1 (0.7-1.7; No P-value) for consumption ≥ several times/wk vs ≤ several times/month. |
Men: age and smoking. Women: age, health status, health education, health screening + smoking. |
| 1) Ikeda M (1983) | The Adult Health Study | 7,553 adults from Hiroshima & Nagasaki.
(Japan) | 11
(1968-1978) | 488
(264 men, and 224 women) | Death from cancer at all sites | Dried fish (not defined) | RR = 0.92 for consumption ≥ 2 vs < 2 times/week.
This effect remained after adjustment for age, sex, radiation dose, smoking, school career, rice, fruit, salted pickle, and milk. | Unadjusted. |
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